The USA is actually Italy’s main trading partner

The United States is the main partner for Italy, a much more important partner than what official statistics suggest. According to bilateral trade numbers, Italy sells to Americans 48 billion dollars (2020 figures), the exercise, study and estimates we have done with my colleagues and students from Nottingham University and New Uork University and with analyst friends of the OECD and the OECD, we instead discovered that if we take into account all the flows, triangulations, components, containers that go from Italy to Holland and then from Holland to America and therefore which in the end, however, arrive in the United States, in reality we find not 48 billion but as many as 80 billion. So the United States in the ranking of Italy’s trading partners goes from the third official place to the first, it is a first place of great importance, Germany and France go down to the second and third but very, very far from these 80 billion of United States.